2.6 Task Taxonomy
The Learning Design Studio (LDS) provides a well-structured ontology of 12 task types, grouped under four categories: 1) Directed Learning, 2) Exploratory Learning, 3) Productive Learning, and 4) Reflective Learning. These task types help make explicit the nature and intent of the learning experiences planned for students, ensuring a balanced and purposeful approach to learning design.
| Directed Learning |
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Receiving & Interpreting Information
Students undertake prescribed activities to acquire information and develop an understanding of a topic.
STEAM Subject:
- Watching a video on photosynthesis
- Visiting an elderly care home to observe the daily challenges faced by the elderly
Language Subject:
- Reading a news report
- Watching a micro movie
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Practice
Students work through prescribed tasks to apply learnt content/ skills.
STEAM Subject:
- Labelling the parts of a plant cell with flash cards
- Using a virtual simulator to model chemical reactions
Language Subject:
- Practicing pronunciation of new vocabularies in pairs
- Writing sentences using newly learned past tense verbs
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Test / Assessment
Students take part in assessment activities.
STEAM Subject:
- Completing a lab report
- Taking a quiz on photosynthesis
Language Subject:
- Answer questions about details, main ideas, or vocabularies of a news report
- Having a spelling test on the week's vocabularies
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| Exploratory Learning |
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Information Exploration
Students engage in information exploration through information searches and data collection.
STEAM Subject:
- Conducting an experiment to collect data on the rate of photosynthesis
- Conducting an online search on the pros and cons of commonly used wheelchairs for the elderly
Language Subject:
- Conducting an online search to identify the common vocabularies used in news reports
- Using AI tools to analyze the tone and style of a news report
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Explorations through Conversation
Students engage in exploration of issues with others through conversations.
STEAM Subject:
Language Subject:
- Conducting interviews with stakeholders about local community issues
- Discussing findings from the interview script
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Tangible / Immersive Investigation
Students engage in investigative explorations in physical or virtual settings.
STEAM Subject:
- Using VR headsets to explore a rainforest and observe various plants and animals
- Playing with simple circuits with batteries and light bulbs to observe how electricity flows
Language Subject:
- Using VR to explore a virtual museum to to learn vocabularies related to historical events/artifacts
- Visiting to the supermarket to learn vocabularies related to daily life
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| Productive Learning |
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Construction: Conceptual / Visual Artefacts
Students work individually or together to construct a conceptual, visual artifact.
STEAM Subject:
Language Subject:
- Using AI to create a storyboard for a micro moive
- Using AI to create the criteria for evaluating a micro moive
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Construction: Tangible / Manipulable Artefacts
Students work individually or together to construct a tangible, manipulable artifact.
STEAM Subject:
- Constructing the prototype of the wheelchair
- Constructing the 3D model of the animals observed in the VR world
Language Subject:
- Constructing a glossary table to organize the vocabularies gathered from newspaper
- Filming the movie based on the storyboard
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Presentation, Performance and Illustration
Students present, illustrate or perform individually or in group.
STEAM Subject:
- Presenting scientific findings from experiments
- Displaying the prototype of the wheelchair attachment in a competition
Language Subject:
- Presenting a news report
- Showing the post-edited video
clips of the micro movie
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| Reflective Learning |
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Reflection
Students engage in reflecting on the learning process & experience and making the thoughts explicit.
STEAM Subject:
- Using a quick survey to assess students’ understanding on scientific investigation
- Reflecting on the pervious scientific investigation process and identifying its shortcomings
Language Subject:
- Using a quick survey to assess students’ understanding of writing a news report
- Reflecting on the pros and cons of using AI to create a storyboard for a micro movie
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Revision
Students are given an opportunity to re-submit a piece of work, hence giving them a chance to reflect and improve.
STEAM Subject:
- Revising the prototype of the wheelchair attachment
- Revising the experimental plan for the scientific investigation
Language Subject:
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Self- / Peer- assessment
Students engage in peer- and/ or self- assessment (using self-generated or teacher-provided rubric)
STEAM Subject:
- Using well-designed criteria to evaluate peer work on a prototype of the wheelchair attachment
- Using well-designed criteria to self-evaluate one's own work on a prototype of the wheelchair attachment
Language Subject:
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